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When a portosystemic shunt (PSS) is present blood in the portal vein effectively bypasses the liver, i.e it is shunted straight into the caudal vena cava, a major vein returning blood to the heart.
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Pre-procedure check ups are the best way to assess the risk involved in any procedure where an anaesthetic is required for surgery or any other investigation.
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Unfortunately, at the moment, there are no reliable blood tests that will detect pregnancy in the cat.
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Until recently pregnancy diagnosis in the dog depended on abdominal palpation (i.e. feeling for foetuses through the abdominal wall), radiography (x-ray) or an ultrasound scan. However, it is now possible to accurately detect pregnancy in the dog with a simple blood test.
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The prostate gland stores sperm after they have been made in the testicles and produces fluid that contains essential nutrients for the sperm. Cancers of the prostate are rare but usually involve the cells that make the fluid.
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The prostate (commonly mispronounced as "prostrate") is a gland located near the neck of the urinary bladder of male dogs.
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Pruritus means itching. It is common in many types of skin disorder especially allergic inflammation and parasitic infections.
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In its simplest terms, pyometra is an infection in the uterus. However, most cases of pyometra are much more difficult to manage than a routine infection.
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Pyothorax refers to the presence of inflammatory fluid (pus) within the chest cavity.
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It is firstly worth mentioning that rabbit urine varies tremendously in colour – it can be anything from the conventional yellow to an alarming red. It can even contain large amounts of chalky sediment. All are normal!